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martha moxley house

American criminal example

Martha Moxley

MarthaMoxley.jpg
Born (1960-08-16)Baronial sixteen, 1960

San Francisco, California, U.S.

Died October 30, 1975(1975-10-30) (aged 15)

Belle Haven, Greenwich, Connecticut, U.S.

Crusade of death Homicide past blunt trauma
Body discovered October 31, 1975
Occupation Student
Known for Murder victim

Martha Elizabeth Moxley (August 16, 1960 – October xxx, 1975) was a 15-yr-old American high school student from Greenwich, Connecticut, who was murdered in 1975. Moxley was last seen alive spending time at the abode of the Skakel family, beyond the street from her home in Belle Haven.[one] Michael Skakel, also aged 15 at the fourth dimension, was bedevilled in 2002 of murdering Moxley and was sentenced to 20 years to life in prison house. In 2013, Skakel was granted a new trial by a Connecticut guess who ruled that his counsel had been inadequate, and he was released on $one.two million bail. On December thirty, 2016, the Connecticut Supreme Court ruled four–3 to reinstate Skakel's conviction. The Connecticut Supreme Court reversed itself on May iv, 2018, and ordered a new trial.[two] [3] On October 30, 2020, the 45th anniversary of Moxley's murder, the state of Connecticut appear information technology would non retry Skakel for Moxley'due south murder.

The case attracted worldwide publicity, every bit Skakel is a nephew of Ethel Skakel Kennedy, the widow of U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy.

Moxley murder [edit]

On the evening of October xxx, 1975, Martha Moxley left with friends to participate in "mischief night", in which neighborhood youths would ring bells and pull pranks such as toilet papering houses.[four] According to friends, Moxley began flirting with, and eventually kissed, Thomas Skakel, the older brother of Michael Skakel. Moxley was concluding seen "falling together backside the fence" with Thomas, near the puddle in the Skakel backyard, at around 9:thirty p.m.[5]

The next day, Moxley's body was found beneath a tree in her family's lawn. Her pants and underwear were pulled down, merely she had not been sexually assaulted. Pieces of a broken half-dozen-iron golf game club were plant nearly the torso. An dissection indicated that she had been both bludgeoned and stabbed with the gild, which was traced back to the Skakel residence.[1]

Investigation and trial [edit]

Initial investigation [edit]

Thomas Skakel was the concluding person seen with Moxley on the night of the murder. He became the prime suspect, but his father forbade access to his school and mental health records. Kenneth Littleton, who had started working as a live-in tutor for the Skakel family unit only hours before the murder, too became a prime doubtable. Nevertheless, no ane was charged, and the instance languished for decades. In the concurrently, several books were published about the murder, including Dominick Dunne's fictional account of the instance, A Season in Purgatory (1993);[6] Mark Fuhrman'due south nonfiction Murder in Greenwich (1998), and Timothy Dumas's nonfiction A Wealth of Evil (1999).[7]

Over the years, both Thomas and Michael Skakel significantly changed their alibis for the night of Moxley's murder. Michael claimed that he had been window-peeping and masturbating in a tree beside the Moxley property from 11:30 p.grand. to 12:30 a.g. Two onetime students from Élan Schoolhouse, a treatment center for troubled youths, testified they heard Michael confess to killing Moxley with a golf guild. One of the sometime students, Gregory Coleman, testified that Michael was given special privileges and had bragged, "I'thou going to go abroad with murder. I'm a Kennedy."[8] [9]

Investigation reopened [edit]

When William Kennedy Smith was tried (and acquitted) for rape in 1991, a rumor surfaced that he had been nowadays at the Skakel house on the night of Moxley's death, with the articulate insinuation that he might take been involved. Although this proved to be unfounded, it resulted in a new investigation of the then-cold case.[10] The Sutton Assembly, a individual detective bureau hired by Rushton Skakel in 1991, conducted its own investigation of the killing. The Sutton report, later leaked to the media, revealed that both Thomas and Michael altered their stories about their activities the nighttime of the murder.[11]

In 1993, author Dominick Dunne, father of murdered actress Dominique Dunne, published A Flavor in Purgatory, a fictional story closely resembling the Moxley case.[12] Marker Fuhrman's 1998 volume Murder in Greenwich named Michael Skakel as the murderer and pointed out numerous mistakes made during the original police investigation.[13] [14] Even in the years before the Dunne and Fuhrman books, Greenwich police force detectives Steve Carroll and Frank Garr, also as police reporter Leonard Levitt, had become convinced that Skakel was the killer.[15]

Trial [edit]

In June 1998, a rarely invoked one-man g jury was convened to review the show of the instance. Afterwards an eighteen-month investigation, it was decided there was enough evidence to accuse Michael Skakel with murder.[16] On January nine, 2000, an abort warrant was issued for an unnamed juvenile for Moxley's murder. Michael Skakel surrendered to authorities later on that solar day. He was released shortly thereafter on $500,000 bail.[17] On March 14, Skakel was arraigned for murder in a juvenile court, since he was 15 years sometime at the fourth dimension of Moxley's murder. On January 31, 2001, a judge ruled that Skakel would be tried as an adult.[18]

Skakel's trial began on May 7, 2002, in Norwalk, Connecticut. He was represented by chaser Michael Sherman.[18] Skakel's alibi was that at the fourth dimension of the murder he was at his cousin'due south house. During the trial, the jury heard part of a taped book proposal, which included Skakel speaking about masturbating in a tree on the dark of the murder – possibly the same tree under which Moxley's body was establish the side by side morn.[19] In the book proposal, Skakel did not admit to committing the murder. Prosecutors took words from the book proposal and overlaid them on graphic images of Moxley's dead body in a computerized, multimedia presentation shown to jurors during endmost arguments. In the audiotape, Skakel said that he was afraid he might have been seen the previous night "jerking off", and had panicked. Though the jury heard the whole tape, during the closing arguments the prosecutor did non play the portion of the audiotape in which Skakel had said "jerking off", giving the impression that he was confessing to the murder.[20]

On June 7, 2002, Skakel was found guilty of murdering Moxley and was sentenced to 20 years to life in prison.[21] He was assigned to the Garner Correctional Institution in Newtown, Connecticut.[17]

The prosecutors' employ of the multimedia presentation during closing arguments was included in Skakel'south initial appeal. In their cursory responding to that entreatment, the prosecution argued:

The state engaged in advisable and constructive advocacy by using trial exhibits to highlight certain testify and inferences. ... Merely as the state should non be deprived of its most valuable evidence unless there is a compelling reason to do and then, the state should not exist prohibited from making its all-time arguments. The state's use of sound and photographic exhibits during argument was a matter of effective advocacy. The state did not, as defendant claims, distort the evidence in whatsoever respect. Past placing sure exhibits next to accused's words, or by displaying two related exhibits simultaneously, the land was making explicit the inferences information technology was asking the jury to draw. This is the job of an advocate.[22]

Michael Skakel [edit]

Michael Skakel

Born

Michael Christopher Skakel


(1960-09-19) September 19, 1960 (age 62)

Greenwich, Connecticut, U.Due south.

Alma mater
  • Curry College (BA)
Criminal status Released
Spouse

Margot Sheridan

(chiliad. 1991; div. 2001)

Relatives
  • Ethel Kennedy (aunt)
  • George Skakel (grandfather)
  • Thomas Skakel (blood brother) [23]
Conviction(s) 20 years to life (confidence vacated, prosecutors not seeking re-trial, example dismissed)
Criminal accuse Murder (vacated)
Details
Land United States
State(s) Connecticut
Location(s) Greenwich, Connecticut

Michael Christopher Skakel (born September xix, 1960) is the fifth of seven children, born to Rushton Walter Skakel and Anne Reynolds. Rushton's sister Ethel is the widow of U.S. Senator Robert F. Kennedy.[24] Skakel's granddaddy George was the founder of Slap-up Lakes Carbon Corporation, a coal visitor that was ane of the largest and wealthiest privately held corporations in the Us.[25] [26]

The Skakel family lived in the affluent neighborhood of Belle Oasis in Greenwich, Connecticut. After his female parent's expiry from brain cancer in 1973, Skakel began abusing alcohol.[27] He was a poor student and reportedly flunked out of a dozen schools.[28] He also struggled for years with dyslexia, which went undiagnosed until he was anile 26.[29] Skakel'south cousin, Robert F. Kennedy, Jr., later wrote that he was a "pocket-sized sensitive kid – the runt of the litter with a harsh and occasionally trigger-happy alcoholic begetter who both ignored and abused him." According to neighbors and family friends, the Skakel children were given unlimited amounts of money and were largely unsupervised.[26]

In 1978, Skakel was arrested for drunk driving in New York Country.[28] To avert criminal charges, his family sent him to the Élan School in Poland, Maine, where he purportedly received treatment for alcoholism. He ran away from the school twice before leaving after two years. Skakel later attended Curry Higher in Milton, Massachusetts and earned a bachelor's degree in English.[30] During the 1980s, he attended several drug rehabilitation facilities before finally becoming sober in his twenties.[28] Skakel besides pursued a career as a professional athlete; he competed on the international speed skiing circuit and tried out for the speed skiing sit-in team that appeared at the 1992 Winter Olympics in Albertville, French republic.[ten] In 1991, Skakel married professional person golfer Margot Sheridan, with whom he has ane child. Sheridan filed for divorce before long after Skakel was arrested for Moxley's murder in January 2000.[26] Their divorce was finalized in 2001.[17]

Mail service-trial [edit]

In January 2003, Robert F. Kennedy, Jr. wrote a controversial article in The Atlantic Monthly, entitled "A Miscarriage of Justice," insisting that Skakel's indictment "was triggered by an inflamed media and that an innocent man is now in prison." Kennedy argued in that location was more show suggesting that Kenneth Littleton, the Skakel family's live-in tutor, had killed Moxley. He also chosen Dominick Dunne the "driving force" behind Skakel's prosecution.[31] In July 2016, Kennedy released a volume defending Skakel entitled Framed.[four] [32]

Appeals [edit]

Skakel continued to fight his conviction. In Nov 2003, he appealed to the Connecticut Supreme Court, arguing that the trial court erred because the case should have been heard in juvenile court rather than in Superior Court, that the statute of limitations had expired on the charges against him and that there was prosecutorial misconduct. On Jan 12, 2006, the Connecticut Supreme Court rejected Skakel's claims and affirmed his conviction. Later on, Skakel retained attorney and old U.Southward. Solicitor General Theodore Olson, who filed a petition for a writ of certiorari on behalf of Skakel earlier the U.Due south. Supreme Courtroom on July 12, 2006. On November 13, 2006, the Supreme Courtroom declined to hear the example.[33]

In 2007, Skakel'due south new attorneys, Promise Seeley and Hubert Santos, filed petitions for a writ of habeas corpus and a motion for a new trial in the Connecticut trial court that had originally heard his example, based on a theory involving Gitano "Tony" Bryant, a cousin of Los Angeles Lakers histrion Kobe Bryant's and a one-time classmate of Skakel's at the private Brunswick School in Greenwich. In a videotaped Baronial 2003 interview with Vito Colucci, a private investigator hired by Skakel, Bryant said that, on the dark of Moxley's murder, ane of his friends had wanted to rape her. Bryant said that he did not previously come up forward considering his female parent had warned him that, as a black man, he would be framed for the unsolved murder. A two-week hearing in Apr 2007 allowed the presentation of this hearsay evidence, among other matters.[34] In September 2007, Skakel's attorneys filed a petition, based in role on Bryant'southward claims, asking for a new trial. Prosecutors formally responded that Bryant may have made up the story to sell a play near the case. [35]

The new Skakel defence squad also hired a full-time investigative team to review existing and new information – particularly a book written about Élan School – in preparation for the hearing. They argued that no Élan residents who knew Skakel, other than Gregory Coleman, had ever spoken about Skakel's confession to anyone, including to the writer of the book.[ citation needed ]

On Oct 25, 2007, a Superior Court judge denied the asking for a new trial, proverb that Bryant's testimony was not credible and that at that place was no prove of prosecutorial misconduct in the original trial.[36] Skakel's lawyer appealed this decision to the Connecticut Supreme Court. On March 26, 2009, a 5-judge panel of the courtroom heard arguments on this appeal.[37] On April 12, 2010, the panel ruled four–1 confronting Skakel's appeal.[38]

Skakel then appealed based on charge of incompetence against Michael Sherman, his lead chaser at the trial. In an April 2013 hearing in Vernon, Connecticut, Skakel testified that Sherman, rather than focusing on Skakel's defence force, instead had basked in celebrity. Skakel too claimed that Sherman was more interested in collecting fees to settle Sherman's own financial problems than in defending Skakel.[39] Sherman testified in defense force of his actions, while continuing to maintain his belief in Skakel'due south innocence in the Moxley example.[twoscore]

Parole hearings [edit]

Skakel had been imprisoned at the MacDougall-Walker Correctional Institution in Suffield, Connecticut.[41] [42] On January 24, 2012, Skakel and his attorneys argued for a sentence reduction, claiming that he should have been tried in juvenile court.[43] On March 5, 2012, Skakel lost his bid for a sentence reduction.[44]

Skakel'south first parole hearing was held on October 24, 2012.[45] Skakel was denied parole. He continued to deny the killing. Skakel'southward adjacent parole hearing was scheduled for October 2017.[46]

2013 [edit]

On Oct 23, 2013, Skakel was granted a new trial by Connecticut judge Thomas A. Bishop, who ruled that Michael Sherman failed to adequately represent Skakel when he was bedevilled in 2002. Prosecutors stated they would appeal the decision. John Moxley, the victim's brother, said that the ruling took his family by surprise and that the family unit hoped the land would win on entreatment.[47]

In his ruling, Bishop wrote that defense in such a case requires attention to item, an energetic investigation and a coherent plan of defense, stating:

"Trial counsel'south failures in each of these areas of representation were significant and, ultimately, fatal to a constitutionally adequate defence ... Every bit a consequence of trial counsel's failures every bit stated, the land procured a judgment of conviction that lacks reliability."[48]

On Nov 21, 2013, Skakel was released on a $1.2 1000000 bond forth with other conditions: he was to be monitored with a GPS device; could take no contact with Moxley's family; must periodically check in over the phone; and would non be allowed to leave the country of Connecticut unless granted permission, although he had since relocated to Westchester County, New York.[49]

2016 [edit]

In December 2016, the Connecticut Supreme Court reinstated Skakel's murder conviction with a iv–3 bulk decision, writing that his confidence was the result of "overwhelming" show presented by prosecutors and that his legal representation had been adequate.[50]

2018 [edit]

In Jan 2018, prosecutors asked the Connecticut Supreme Court to revoke Skakel's bail and to return him to prison to resume serving his sentence.[51] Nonetheless, on May 4, the Connecticut Supreme Courtroom vacated Skakel'south conviction and ordered a new trial. The court ruled that Sherman had "rendered ineffective aid" when he failed to contact an alibi witness whose proper name had been provided by Skakel and that as a result, Skakel was deprived of a fair trial. State prosecutors in Stamford had the power to call for a new trial against Skakel.[52] [2] [three]

2020 [edit]

On Oct thirty, 2020, principal state'southward attorney Richard Colangelo informed the Superior Court that Skakel would non be retried, considering in Colangelo's sentence, the state would not be able to evidence the case beyond a reasonable dubiety.[53]

In popular culture [edit]

The example was featured on Unsolved Mysteries on February xvi, 1996, season 8 episode 15.

The documentary Tv series City Confidential covered the Martha Moxley murder in its episode titled Greenwich: Who Killed Martha Moxley?, originally aired on October 20, 1999.

The Tv series "Cold Case" depicts a fictional version of Moxely's murder in the episode "Expect Over again".

The American Court TV (now TruTV) television series Mugshots featured the case in an episode entitled "Michael Skakel - A Killing in Greenwich" which aired in 2003.[54] [55]

In 2014, Connecticut-born rapper Apathy released a song entitled "Martha Moxley (Residuum in Peace)" featuring a sample from George Michael'due south "Careless Whisper". The song repeatedly, but subtly, references the result, referring to Moxley and Skakel past name.[56] [57]

In September 2017, the rights to Kennedy'south book Framed were optioned by FX Productions to develop a multi-role idiot box serial.[58] [59]

In June 2019, Oxygen premiered a three-function documentary entitled Murder and Justice: The Case of Martha Moxley, hosted by legal analyst and erstwhile prosecutor Laura Coates.[threescore]

On August 10, 2020, Crime Junkie released a podcast on the murder of Martha Moxley.[61]

See also [edit]

  • Lists of unsolved murders

References [edit]

  1. ^ a b Crittle, Simon (May 9, 2002). "The Skakel trial: Gruesome details from day two". Time. Archived from the original on May v, 2013. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  2. ^ a b Ellis, Ralph; Casarez, Jean (May 4, 2018). "Courtroom vacates Michael Skakel's murder conviction and orders a new trial". CNN. Cable News Network. Turner Broadcasting System, Inc. Archived from the original on May 5, 2018. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  3. ^ a b Rosenberg, Eli (May 5, 2018). "Murder conviction of Kennedy cousin Michael Skakel overturned — over again". The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. Archived from the original on May five, 2018. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
  4. ^ a b Kennedy, Robert F., Jr. (July 2016). Framed: Why Michael Skakel spent over a decade in prison for a murder he didn't commit.
  5. ^ Cameron, David R. (Apr 22, 2013). "Many still ask: Who killed Martha Moxley?". Hartford Courant. Opinion. Archived from the original on October 1, 2016. Retrieved June 19, 2016.
  6. ^ Dunne, Dominick (October 2000). "Trail Of guilt". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on Oct 3, 2013. Retrieved September 28, 2013.
  7. ^ Dumas, Timothy (1999). A Wealth of Evil: The true story of the murder of Martha Moxley in America's richest customs. New York: Warner Books. ISBN9780446607322.
  8. ^ "Likely Cause hearing transcript" (PDF). Marthamoxley.com. p. 83. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 12, 2012. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
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  12. ^ Smith, Chris. "Dominick Dunne vs. Robert Kennedy". New York. p. 2. Archived from the original on August ten, 2014. Retrieved August 4, 2014.
  13. ^ "Furhman accuses Kennedy nephew". The Hour. Associated Press. May 8, 1998. p. A4. Archived from the original on May xi, 2017. Retrieved Baronial 4, 2014.
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  20. ^ "The ghosts of Greenwich". 48 Hours. CBS Interactive Inc. Baronial 20, 2008. 34 minutes in. CBS News. Archived from the original on May 11, 2016. Retrieved June 19, 2016.
  21. ^ Christoffersen, John (April 26, 2013). "Kennedy cousin Michael Skakel slams lawyer during murder conviction entreatment". U.South. News. Usnews.nbcnews.com. Archived from the original on Oct 29, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
  22. ^ "CSAO: State of Connecticut v. Michael Skakel". Ct.gov. Archived from the original on October 29, 2013. Retrieved October 24, 2013.
  23. ^ "THOMAS SKAKEL". CBS News . Retrieved August 27, 2021.
  24. ^ Lang, Joel (January xx, 2000). "Michael Skakel has a troubled past". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original on August eight, 2014. Retrieved August four, 2014.
  25. ^ Levitt, Leonard (2004). Conviction: Solving the Moxley Murder: A reporter and a detective'southward twenty-year search for justice. HarperCollins. pp. 25–26. ISBN0-060-54430-ix.
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  29. ^ Foderaro, Lisa W. (August xxx, 2002). "2 Kennedys sent pleas for Skakel". The New York Times. Archived from the original on February ane, 2008.
  30. ^ "MICHAEL SKAKEL". CBS News . Retrieved August 27, 2021.
  31. ^ Kennedy, Robert F. Jr (January–February 2003). "A miscarriage of justice". The Atlantic Monthly. Archived from the original on January 4, 2010. Retrieved March 10, 2017.
  32. ^ Melia, Michael (July 12, 2016). "RFK Jr. book stokes intrigue in Michael Skakel murder example". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original on July 13, 2016. Retrieved July 12, 2016.
  33. ^ "Skakel murder conviction left intact by U.Due south. Supreme Courtroom". Bloomberg. Nov xiii, 2006.
  34. ^ Tuohy, Lynne (Apr 17, 2007). "Skakel heads back to court". Hartford Courant. Archived from the original on April 27, 2013. Retrieved May 7, 2018.
  35. ^ Christoffersen, John (September 14, 2007). "Attorneys spar over Skakel's trial bid". U.s. Today.
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  37. ^ Christoffersen, John (March 26, 2009). "Skakel example goes before State Supreme Court". WTIC. Associated Press. Archived from the original on March 21, 2012.
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  49. ^ Remizowski, Leigh; Sanchez, Ray (November 21, 2013). "Michael Skakel a gratis man, bail fix at $1.2 1000000". CNN. Archived from the original on August 10, 2014. Retrieved August iv, 2014.
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  51. ^ "Michael Skakel Should Go Back to Prison, Officials Say | Time". Archived from the original on February 17, 2018. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
  52. ^ Marchant, Robert (May 31, 2018). "Prosecutor to appeal Skakel decision to U.Southward. Supreme Court". Greenwich Time.
  53. ^ Mahony, Edmund H. (October 30, 2020). "Prosecutor in infamous Greenwich murder instance tells judge state will not retry Kennedy cousin Michael Skakel in 1975 Martha Moxley killing". Hartford Courant . Retrieved Oct 30, 2020.
  54. ^ "Mugshots: Michael Skakel – A killing in Greenwich". FilmRise. Archived from the original on October 27, 2017. Retrieved Nov 8, 2017.
  55. ^ "Mugshots: Michael Skakel – A killing in Greenwich". Amazon.com. 2013. Archived from the original on March 26, 2015. Retrieved November 8, 2017.
  56. ^ Michael, George; et al. (Apathy) (July 26, 2019). "Martha Moxley (R.I.P.)". Genius Lyrics (lyrics). Archived from the original on July 26, 2019. Retrieved July 26, 2019. Around the fourth dimension when Michael Skakel murdered Martha Moxley
  57. ^ Michael, George; et al. (Apathy). "Martha Moxley (R.I.P.)". Genius Lyrics. Archived from the original on July 26, 2019. Retrieved July 26, 2019. The principal sample is taken from the song "Careless Whisper" past George Michael, a musician known for beingness a cheesy 80s vocalizer. As well sampled at the terminate of the song is a news study detailing how Moxley's body was found.
  58. ^ Schneider, Michael (September 20, 2017). "FX Prods. to develop Framed, Robert F. Kennedy Jr'due south cause to clear his cousin'due south murder conviction". IndieWire. Exclusive. Archived from the original on October xi, 2017. Retrieved May xiii, 2018.
  59. ^ "FX Prods. to develop Framed, Robert F. Kennedy Jr's crusade to clear his cousin's murder conviction". IMDb. Exclusive. Retrieved May xiii, 2018.
  60. ^ "'The Case of Martha Moxley' reexamines heinous murder 44 years later". The Wrap. June 15, 2019. Archived from the original on Oct 18, 2019. Retrieved September 12, 2019.
  61. ^ "[episode on the murder of Martha Moxley]". Crime Junkie (podcast). August x, 2020.

Further reading [edit]

  • Dumas, T. (1998). Greentown: Murder and mystery in Greenwich, America'south wealthiest community . ISBN978-1611457087.
  • Dunne, Dominick (October 2000). "Trail of Guilt". Vanity Fair . Retrieved September 27, 2013.
  • Fuhrman, 1000. (1998). Murder in Greenwich: Who killed Martha Moxley?. ISBN0-06-019141-4.
  • Levitt, L. (2004). Confidence: Solving the Moxley Murder. ISBN0-06-054430-nine.

External links [edit]

  • Complete Skakel trial coverage from Court TV
  • Library/TruTV coverage
  • Sutton Report
  • Early Sketch of Person of Involvement in Moxley Murder
  • CNN: Michael Skakel Fast Facts

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Murder_of_Martha_Moxley

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